Islamic achievements
The achievements that Islam had during their golden age was chess, irrigation, zoology, banking, calligraphy, art, bookmaking and literature, learning, astronomy, mathematics, medicine, pharmacies, polo, libraries, music. The Islamic achievement that I think had the greatest impact on the world today was medicine. Medicine is the most important because without learning Islamic medicine we would still be using superstitious treatments. Also Islam made hospitals and we use hospitals today. Finally, Islamic medicine was improved and used to cure deadly diseases.
Kings and the magna carta
The crusades
The first Crusade was from 1096 to 1099. The second Crusade was from 1146 to 1149. The third Crusade was from 1189 to 1192. The fourth Crusade was from 1202 to 1204. The Seljuk Turks are important because they took control of the holy city and didn't let the Christians or the Jews enter for religion and started the Crusades. Because of the first Crusade, the Christians were able to defeat the Muslims and establish the four crusader states. The Crusades ended with the Muslims controlling Jerusalem and allowed Christians and Jews enter the city for religious reasons, and the Christians controlled the land around Jerusalem. There are many results of the Crusades but here are four. One is the Crossbow, it could pierce armor and made the archers the most important person on the battlefield. Second is Gunpowder, it made castles obsolete because gunpowder with cannons could blow up stone. Third is the Catapult, made fighting face to face not important because it could fire stones from far away. And fourth is that Europeans learned about Islamic advancements and shared them with other Europeans.